Matt+S

c|d [|TED talk]
 * Assignment 1 January 27, 2010**: The TED talk I chose was about how to live to be 100+ years old. The reason I chose this video is because like many others I want to live a long life amd by watching this video I could get some good ideas on how to. The speaker, Dan Buetter, started by pointing out how many questions revolve around this topic like "should I eat organic food" or "sould I take supplements." He then moved on to myths about ageing like "there are treatments to slow aging" and "if I try to live to be a hundred I can." Next he presented his research showing various points around the world where people are living longer. All seem to take care of their elderly, have a plant based diet, and work their whole lives. Overall I enjoyed the video as it taught me many things like only 10% of how long we live is based on our genetics. Also I learned that the life expectency in America is only 78 compared to some places in the world where it reaches 102. To me that is amazing considering I haven't met anyone over 100 years old.

1) One place you can find the gas laws in in your freezer. If you were to take a can of Dr. Pepper and let it sit in the freezer the can would eventually explode. The reason for this is the Combined Gas Law. When you stick the can in the frezzer the gas molecules in the can slow down (lower pressure) as their kinetic energy lowers because of the temperature in the freezer. This change in temperature and pressure makes it so that the volume of the can must increase to uphold the law causeing the can to explode. 2) Another place were the gas laws are present is the microwave. If you were to stick a marshmallow in the microwave it would expand. The reason for this is because as the temperatue in the microwave increases the gas molecules gain kinetic energy. This increases the pressure between the gas molecules and the marshmallow casues the marshmallow to expand as the volume of the marshmallow must increase to uphold the Combined Gas Law. 3) A third example of the gas laws is in your car. In the summer the gas molecules have more kinetic energy than in the winter because of the temperature outside. This raise in kinetic energy causes the pressure in your tires to increase. In the winter the same concept applies as the lower temperatures outside cause the gas molecules in your tires to decrease. To uphold the Combined Gas Law the pressure in the tires must decrease as well.
 * Assignment 2 Febuary 5, 2010**:


 * Assignment 3 Febuary 14, 2010**: The greenhouse effect is not as complicated as some would think. When radiation energy from the sun hits earth much of the eneregy is absoorbed. Once abosorbed the energy absorbed is send back into the atmosphere. Because of the greenhouse gases, CO3, O3, H2O, and CH4, most of the energy is trapped in our atmosphere causeing our earth to heat up as all the molecules on earth now have a higher kinetic energy.

Two things that I have heard about global warming are: 1) Average temperatures have increased 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit since 1880

2) The 20th century's last two decades were the hottest in 400 years


 * Assignment 4 Febuary 21, 2010**:

Unusual Properties of Water 1. Water has a very high specific heat index. //Specific Heat Index// is the amount of heat per unit mass to raise the temperature one degree Celsius.

2. Water has a very high survace tension. //Survace Tension// is the property that causes water to clump together in droplets when set on a flat survace.

3. Water's density is realitivley similar to other liquids as it is in the middle. //Density// is the mass per unit volume in a substance. Water's density is used as a measureing tool for other common liquids whis also makes it unique.

4. Water is the only natural substance found in all three phases on Earth (gas, liquid, solid). //Natural Subatance// is a substance that you can find in the wild or another words it is not human made.

5. Water's solid form is less dense then its liquid form. This is very unusual compared to most elements and the reason why ice floats.

Work Citied:

"Water Properties." Water Science for Schools. U.S. Department of Interior. 4 November, 2009. USGS. 21 Febuary, 2010. []


 * Assignment 5 March 7, 2010:**

__Ways to clean up oil spill:__ 1. If no marine life is effect the oil is left alone to break down by natural means. 2. Contain the oil in an area and collect it with skinner equipment from the surface of the water. 3. Use dispersants to break up oil and speed the break down process 4. Call in biological agents who can use bacteria and microorgasims to break down the oil

__Solubility versus Rate of Dissolution__

solubility- is the maximum quantity of solute that can dissolve in a certain quantity of solvent or quantity of solution at a specified temperature.

rate of dissolution- the speed at which a solution dissolves

__How each is effected__

Temperature- Increases Solubility and Rate of Dissolution in solids and gases; decreases Rate of Dissolution in liquids.

Stirring- Increases Rate of Dissolution; no effect on Solubility

Surface Area- Increases Rate of Dissolution; no effect on Solubility


 * Assignment 6 March 28, 2010:**

__Concentration__: Example- Zinc and Hydrochloric Acid Zn + 2HCl turn into ZnCl + H2

This happens because the Zinc reacts slowly with the more dilute acid but faster when the acid is concentrated. The reason the Zinc reacts faster with the concentrated acid is because more collisions are taking place, as there is more of the substance, causeing the reaction rate to increase.

__Temperature__: Example- Cooking a streak

The reaction rate is increased if the temperature is increased because as you increase the temperature of the water molecules in the steak the begin to move faster causeing more collisions, thus increasing the reaction rate.

__Catalyst__: Example- Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide

The reaction rate is increaed as the catalyst, manganese oxide, increases the number of collisions in the reation causeing the hydrogen peroxide to decompose faster.


 * __Surface Area__**: Example- Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid

The reaction rate is increase when the calcium carbonate reacts as a powder because as the surface are is increased the number of collisions is increase as more hydrochloric acid touches the calcium carbonate.

[|www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/basicrates.html]


 * Assignment 8 April 18, 2010:**

1. Once a chemical system has reached equilibrium, the concentrations of all reacts and products remain constant with time. This is because the rates of the forward and reverse reaction are equal causing the concentrations of both the product and reactant to be equal as well. A chemical system at equilibrium is still at a dynamic state as although the rates of the forward and reverse reaction are equal the two reactions are continuesly occuring. 2. All equilibrium expressions start with a balanced equation. Next we divide the product over the reactant as an equilibrium expression is a ratio between the concentration of product over the concentration of reactant. Coefficients are used as exponents in the equilibrium expression. Here are three examples: a. H2 (g) + F2 (g) <---> 2HF (g); K= [HF] 2 / [H] x [F] b. N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) <---> 2NH3; K= [NH3] 2 / [N] x [H] 3 c.2NBr3 (g) <---> N2 (g) + 3Br2 (g); K= [N] x [Br] 3 / [NBr3] 2 3. homogeneous- 2O3 (g) <---> 3O2 (g); K= [O2] 3 / [O3] 2 heterogeneous- SO3 (g) + H2O (l) <---> H2SO4 (l); K= 1 / [SO3]


 * Assignment 9 May 2, 2010:**

1. A concentrated solution is a solution that contains a large amount of solute relative to the amount that could dissolve while a dilute solution is a solution containing a relatively small quantity of solute as compared with the amount of solvent.

2. The difference between a strong vs weak acid solution is that a high acid solution reacts completely in water while a weak acid solution barely reacts. Also in a strong acid solution there is a weak conjugate base and in a weak acid solution a strong conjugate base.

3.


 * Assignment 10 May 23, 2010:**

1. A molecule is made up of at least two atoms and chemical bonds. If you want to go further each atom contains electrons, neutrons, and protons so technically a molecule is also made up of electrons, neutrons, and protons. 2. What makes molecule unique is their jobs. Molecules make up every living and nonliving thing. In our body they make up our brain, heart, liver, stomcah, arms, legs, eyes, and any others you can think of. With out molecules we wouldn't be anything.

3. __Protiens__- are organic compounds that help with numerous jobs in the body including breaking down the food we eat.

__Carbohydrates__- are another organic compound that help to store energy in the body for later use. When connected to food carbohydates are any food that has lage amounts of starch in them.