Mattie+W

__Wiki Assignment #1- TED Talk__ [|David Gallo on Life in the Deep Oceans]

I chose this video because i am very intrested in animals, and find deep sea creatures especially facinating. Another reason I chose this video is because I do not know much about life in the deep oceans.

In this video, David Gallo gave a speech on life in the oceans. He explained how the average depth of the oceans is twelve feet deep, and that there is so many things that people do not know about it. David opened the video by talking about jellyfish. He showed many different kinds of jellyfish. Some of the jellyfish grew up to one hundred feet long! Gallow talked about jellyfish that were really multiple life forms that joined together to create one fish. He also showed ugly brown fish that had lights on them. David Gallow explained that the lights on the jellyfish and brown fish were to attract mates and food. Most of the orginasims down there were a whiteish clear color. He moved on to talk about the mountains, chimines, and bacteria in the deep sea. Down under the sea, there are volcanos that emit some toxic material. these little volcanos are called chimines. On the outside of them, the water is fridged cold. The inside of them however, is boiling hot. The tubeworms living in the chimines have half of their bodies in ice cold water and half in boiling hot water. David then talked about the longest mountain range in the world, the ribbon of life. The ribbon of life is around forty thousand miles long. It stretches accross the globe, and is taller than the alps. The ribbon of life supports tons and tons of life. In David Gallow's expidetion, they were the first humans to see the animals that they did. Gallow concluded by stating that the earth goes through many chances, and what we are going through now might be one of those changes, but we need to be taking better care of the Earth.

I was captivated by Mr. Gallow's speech. I thought it was extremely facinating, and it helped me put the world into perspective. I learned a lot about deep sea life, and the video made me want to become an under sea explorer. David made me want to protect the living things in the ocean and not pollute and save the oceans. He made me more aware that the global warming might just be a cycle, but we still need to take care of the world we live in.

__Wiki Assignment #2: Ideal Gasses in the Real World__

media type="youtube" key="l630uy4ALFs" height="344" width="425" This video demonstrates Boyle's Law because the temperature remains constant, and the volume of air inside the gun decreases, so the particles collide with the sides of the container more and the pressure decreases. As the volume of the air increases, the pressure of the gun decreases, and vise versa.
 * Boyle's Law**

media type="youtube" key="UiFScneyvwQ" height="344" width="425" This video demonstrates Charle's Law because the pressure stays constant, and the temperature and volume of the balloon changes. When the balloon was places in the freezer, the temperature of the balloon decreased, as did the average kinetic energy. The gas particles didn't need as much room to move around, so the volume of the balloon decreased. The balloon increased in size after it was taken out of the freezer because the temperature went up, causing the kinetic energy of the molecules in the gas, and the volume of the gas and therefore balloon. This showes that volume and temperature are directly related.
 * Dalton's Law**

media type="youtube" key="Zulldlr-XKk" height="344" width="425" This video is an example of Avogadro's Law because the pressure and temperature is constant, and the volume increases as the moles of gas increases. In the video, the moles of gas in the hovercraft increased, so the volume also increased. The more moles that were pumped into the hovercraft, the bigger the ball thing at the bottom got. According to Avodadro's Law and this video, the volume and moles are directly related.
 * Avogadro's Law**

__Wiki Assignment #3- Life in a Greenhouse__

The greenhouse effect is when heat from the sun gets trapped on earth. When light evergy (heat) hits the earth, most of it is absorbed, which heats the earth's surface. Because of this, the earth gives out infrared energy. Some of the molecules absorb the infrared frequencies and re-emit them back into the earth. The molecules' charges change at different frequencies, so if the frequencies of the molecules match the frequencies of the radiant energy, the molecules absorb and re-emit radiant energy also. The energy that is emitted back out can go in any direction.

I have heard people say that global warming does not exist. I have also heard people say that global warming is a huge problem. I have heard people say that global warming is just a natural tropical era, but I have heard people say the warming is happening too fast. I have seen water pouring out of glaciers, but people say that the glaciers are not thawing.

__Wiki Assignment #4- Wonderful Water__

Water has many different properties. Water's surface tension is 23 dynes/cm at 20 degrees celcius. The surface tension is unusually high compared to other molecules. Surface tension is the tension between molecules on the surface of a liquid which hold them together instead of separating them far apart. High surface tension shows that water is adhesive and elastic, which is why it forms beads instead of spreading out.([|physicalgeography.net]) The spacific heat of water is 4.186 joules/gram degree celcius. Spacific heat is the ammount of energy it takes to change the temperature of a substance by one degree celcius. The spacific heat is relatively low compared to other molecules. ([]) The melting point of water is 0 degrees celcius. The melting point is the temperature that a solid turns into a liquid. Water's melting point is average compared to others'. ([]) The heat conductivity of water is 0.06 Wm-1 K-1. Heat conductivity is the transfer of thermal energy from neighboring molecules by a change in temperature. This is relatively high compared to other molecules. ([|www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/physical_properties_of_water.htm]) The heat capacity is 4.22 kJ/kg.K. This is pretty high compared to other molecules. Heat capacity is the energy needed to change the temperature by one degree Kelvin. ([|Physical properties of water])

__Wiki Assignment #5- Investigating Solubility and Immiscibility__ Oil spills are very bad things. Cleaning up oil spills are taken very seriously. If the oil spill is not hurting anything, sometimes it is just left for the earth to break down. If the oil is on the surface, floating bouys are put out to stop the oil spill from spreading, and skimmers vacume up the oil. Sometimes, disperants are put into the water, which causes the oil to blend into the water faster, and the oil will dilute and evaporate. Solubility is the ability of a solute to dissolve into a liquid and make a homogenious solution. The Rate of Dissolution is the rate that a solute dissolves at. Stirring does not effect the solubility of a solute, but it increases the rate of dissolution, which means the solute dissolves faster. Surface Area does not effect the solubility of a solute, but again it increases the rate of dissolution.

__Wiki Assignment #6- Reaction Rates__ Concentration: the more concentrated a substance is, the stronger the liklihood is that two molecules will collide, and ahve a reaction. In this case, the salt and hydrogen peroxide molecules will collide and a reaction will happen. The more likely the molecules will collide, the faster the reaction will happen. The more concentrated a substance is, the more molecules there are that can collide, and the faster the reaction will happen. [|elephant toothpaste]

Temperature: the higher the temperature of a substance is, the more the molecules move around, and the stronger the liklihood is that molecules will collide and make a reaction. In this video, the glow sticks were placed in different temperatures of water, and the warmer glow stick was brighter than the colder one because the molecules moved around more and collided more with each other. [|glow sticks]

Catalyst: catalysts speed up chemical reactions. Catylists lower the activation energy by giving the particles a different pathway or different way of reacting. In this video, hydrogen peroxide can decompose itself. Adding sodium iodide speeds the process up because it is a catalyst and speeds up the reaction time without being part of the reaction. [|hydrogen peroxide]

Surface Area: the more surface area there is, bigger the reaction there is. the increased rate of the reaction is due to the increased surface area. [|dust]

__Wiki Assignment #7- Equilibrium__ An example of equilibrium in life is clouds and rain. water is constantly evaporating into clouds, and then falling back down onto earth as rain. In this process, the balancing between the two opposite processes are the same. The water is always evaporating, and water is always condensing, so the net amount of water on the ground and in the air remains the same. This is just like chemical equilibrium because in a chemical equilibrium, the concentrations of all reactants and products remain constant so the net amount of product and reactant stays the same. Even though both are changing, the amounts at which they change are equal, so they are at an equilibrium.

__Wiki Assignment #8- Equilibrium 2__

1. The concentrations of all the reactiants stay the same because the ammount of products converting to reactants and reactants converting to products are the same. The system is dynamic, so the concentrations on either side remain the same.

2. The equilibrium expression for a reaction is the products of the concentrations of the products raised to their coefficiants divided by the products of the reactants raised to their coefficiants. An example of a balanced chemical equation is NaCl (s) = Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq). K = [Cl-] [Na+]. Another example is Ca 2+ (aq) + 2F- (aq) =CaF2 (s). K= 1/[Ca 2+] [F-]^2. One more example is Fe 3+ (aq) + 3OH- (aq) <-> FeOH3 (aq). K= [FeOH3]/[Fe 3+] [OH-]^3.

3.

__Wiki Assignment #9- Concentrated vs Dilute and Strong vs Weak__

1. A concentrated solution has a lot more solute dissolved in the solution than the solvent. A dilute solution has more solvent than solute.

2. In a strong acid solution, the forward reaction dominates. It has a weak conjugate base, and most of the reactants interact to become products. In a weak acid solution, the reverse reaction dominates. It has a strong conjugate base, and hardly any of the reactants become products.

3. My computer will not load anything onto the internet, so I will bring my picture to school.

__Wiki Assignment #10- Boimolecules__

1. Carbohydrates are made up of simple sugars and contain -OH substituents. Protiens are made up of amino acids. Lipids are divided into fats, phospholipids, waxes, and steroids. Fats and phospholipids are made up of glycerol and fatty acids. Waxes and steroids are made up of monohydroxy alchohols. Steroids are cholesterol, adrenocorticoid hormones, sex hormones, and bile acids. Nucleic acids are made up of a nitrogen-containing organic base, a five-carbon sugar, and phosphate.

2. Carbohydrates are used as food sources and structure for plants. Protiens provide structure and strength for tissues. Muscle, hair, and cartilege are all made from protiens. They help fight sickness and help the motabolism. Lipids furnish waterproof coating on vegetation and animals. They can help digesst fats and control cholerestoral. Neucleic acids help with the replication of DNA.

3. Two examples of carbohydrates are glycogen and frucotose. Glysine and glutomine are two examples of proteins. Two examples of lipids are testerosterone and cholic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid are two examples of nucleic acids.