Nat+A

=Wiki Assignment #10-( Last One!) Biomolecules= 1.Composition-Carbohydrate- They are chemically made of carbons, hydrogens and oxygens bonded together, and they are physically made of of units of sugars bonded together in different ways. Proteins- Proteins are large molecules that consist of hundreds and sometimes thousands of amino acids bonded together. Lipids- Lipids, or tryglycerides, are made of a glycerol molecule with three fatty acid molecules attached to it. Nucleic Acid- These are made up of complex sugars and phosphates bonded together in an alternating pattern. 2.Function- Carbohydrate-These are the main energy source for the body, and our body breaks them down and metabolises them for energy. Proteins- Proteins have two main functions in the body: to form most of the solid material, such as hair and skin and muscle, and to help carry out activities and functions of the body, such as retracting muscles and producing hemoglobin. Lipids- Lipids have one major function, and that is to make up our bodys cell membranes. Nucleic Acid- The function of nucleic acid is to store the information about our proteins and how our body is built. 3. 2 Examples- Carbohydrate-Carbs break down into two major groups, simple sugars and complex carbohydrates. Proteins- Two examples of proteins are structural proteins and functional proteins Lipids-Lipids form two main groups, phospholipids andsteroids. Nucleic Acid- Two examples of nucleic acid in the body are DNA and RNA. =Wiki Assignment #9-Concentrated vs. Dilute and Strong vs. Weak= 1. The difference between a concentrated solution and a dilute solution is a solution with a large amount of solute dissolved compared to the amount of the solvent, and a dilute solution is a solution where there is a large amount of the solvent and not as much of the solute dissolved in the solution. 2. The difference between a strong acid and a weak acid is that when you put a strong acid in water, it will react completely and a weak acid won't react as much. This means that the strong acid is highly reactive and the weak acid isn't as reactive. 3. When you have a concentrated solution of a strong acid HA, there is a large amount of H+ and A- ions, but in a dilute strong acid HA, there is less of the individual ions in the acid. In a concentrated solution of a weak acid HA, there are many H+ and A- ions that are bonded together, and in a dilute solution of a weak acid, there are few H+ and A- ions that are bonded together.

=Wiki Assignment #8-Equilibrium 2= 1.Once a chemical system reaches equilibrium, the concentrations of products and reactants stays the same because the two opposing forces are balanced, because as the reactants are turning into products, the products are turning into reactants at the same rate, so there is no net change over time. This does not contraadict our picture of dynamic because even though there is not net change occouring, the reaction is still happening.

2. We write the equilibrium expression by placing the concentrations of the products in brackets on the top of the equation, raised to their coefficents divided by the concentrations of the reactants in brackets raised to their coefficents. However, this equation only works for gases, and does not work on solids and liquids.

1. N^2(g) + 3H^2<-->2NH^3 K= [NH3]^2/[N^2][H^2]^3

2. H^2(g)+ F^2(g)<-->2HF(g)-homogeneous K=[HF]^2/[H^2][F2]

3.Heterogeneous- 2H^2O(l)=2H^2(g)+ O^2(g) K=[H^2]^2[O^2] =Wiki Assignment #7-Equilibrium= An equilibrium is when there are 2 opposite forces that are balanced, and there is no net change in the forces over time. An example of this that i found is like a well played game of basketball between two equally matched teams. When 1 team scores, they are winning by a small amount, but then the other team will match that basket, and the score will be equal again. The only time that something extra will happen is when one of the players is subbed out, and replaced with a better player. This is equilibrium because the overall score never changes. =Wiki Assignment #6-Reaction Rates= Concentration: If you increase the concentration of the two reactants, this will increase how often they collide with each other, which means that they will be more likely to react with each other. Temperature: Increasing the temperature of 2 reactants gives their molecules energy, and for a reaction to occour their needs to be enough energy for that reaction to happen. Increasing the temperature gives the molecules more energy, which means they collide more, so they react faster.

Catalyst: Adding a catalyst will decrease the activation energy of the reactants, which means that the particles need less energy to react than before, so the reaction will occour quicker.

Surface area: If there is a greater surface area, the reaction occours faster because the particles have more areas to collide with each other, so the reaction time will speed up.

[]. This video covers all of these reaction rates.

=Wiki Assignment #5-Investigating Solubility and Immiscibility= 1. When there is an oil spill in the ocean, it is very harmful to aquatic life and all of the shores and beaches around it, so when oil is spilled in the ocean, it is important to clean it up as quickly and as safely as possible. One way to do this is to use booms to make sure that the spill doesn not spread to any other areas. Once the spill area has been quarantined, then special boast boats drive over the spill area and suck out the oil. Another way to clean up an oil spill is to start a controlled burn on the water where the oil is, until the oil is all gone.

2. Solubility is defined as the amount of a solute that can be fully dissolved in a solvent, and rate of dispersion is the time it takes for a solute to dissolve in a solvent. When temperature of a solid solute is increased, the solubility of the solute will increase as well, but for gases, the solubility decreases. Stirring increases the rate of dissolution, but doesn't necessarily increase solubility. A greater surface area means a greater rate of dissolution. =Wiki Assignment #4-Wonderful Water= 5 Properties of Water: 1. Water has a very high surface tension.This means that water is elastic and sticky, and usually clumps together rather than spread out like a film, and the molecules tend to cohere more strongly to those next to them, and make it harder for an object to move through the water if it is submerged in it. Surface tension is measured in dynes/centimeter, and at 20 degrees celcius water 72.8 d/c. This is higher on average than other molecules. 2. The boiling point of water is 100 degrees celcius and the freezing point is 0 degrees celcius. Boiling temp is when a liquids vapor pressure equals its pressure, and freezing point is when the liquid freezes. Water's freezing and boiling points are used as the baseline temperatures for measuring other temperatures. Water is right in the middle of boiling and freezing points. 3. Water has an unusually high specific heat index, and what that means is that water can absorb alot of heat before it starts to get hot. Waters specific heat index is very high compared to other molecules. 4. Water has a very high specific heat, at around 1 calorie/gram,which is the amount of energy needed to raise 1 unit of matter 1 degree celcius. Water's specific heat is higher than any other common substance. 5. As with any substance, water's density depends on it's temperature, but at only 4 degrees celcius, water reaches it's maximum density of 1 gram per cubic centimeter. This is a pretty average density compared to other substances. SOURCES: http://www.ozh2o.com/h2chem.html http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0861882.html hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase.surten.html

=Wiki Assignment #3- A Global Warming?= Light is made of of radiant waves of energy, and when the light from the sun hits the earth, the majority of this light is absorbed, which warms the surface of the earth. After absorbing this energy, the earth emits infrared rays back out towards space.What the green house effect is is that some frequencies of infrared rays are absorbed by molecules in the earths atmosphere, and when these rays are re-emitted, they are sent back towards the surface of the earth. This causes a warming of the earth's surface.

I have heard that the polar ice caps are melting, and that sea levels are rising dramatically, and much faster than they have in the past. I have also heard that polar bears might go extinct due to the melting ice caps, and because their sources of food are dying out with the ice caps.

=Wiki Assignment #2- Ideal Gases In The Real World=

http://www.floridahotairballoonrides.com/images/gallery/hot-air-balloon-content-03.jpg http://aquaviews.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/Diver-Gas-Law.jpg http://www.pasco.com/images/products/ex/EX9954_330_28605.jpg Picture 1 is a picture of hot air balloons in the sky. This demonstrates Charles law because as the balloon rises into the air, the pressure within the balloon stays the same, but the volume of air inside the balloon increases. Charles law says that when the temperature increases, so does the volume, but the overall pressure stays the same. Picture 2 is a picture of a scuba diver underwater. This demonstrates Boyles law because as the diver goes deeper and deeper underwater, the volume inside his airtank continually decreases, while the pressure inside his airtank constanly increase. Boyles law says that the starting pressure times the starting volume is equal to the ending pressure times the ending volume, and this holds true for the scuba divers airtank. Picture 3 is a picture of a gas pressure demonstrator, just like we did in class. This is a demonstration of Boyles law because when the volume of the air inside the syringe decreases, the pressure increases. This is Boyles law because the starting pressure times the starting volume is equal to the ending pressure times the ending volume.

=Wiki Assignment #1-TED Talk=

[|Video 1] Why I chose this talk: I chose this talk because I have always been interested in outer space and I wanted to know more about the possibilities of intelligent life besides life on earth. This talk sounded like it would talk about ways life could possibly form in space and on other planets, and how we could come into contact with other life forms. Synopsis: John Hodgkins first started with a quote from Enrico Fermi that said the universe was too vast and too old for us to be the only intelligent life out there. He then went on to use satire to describe some odd encounters in his life and to pass them off as "Alien Encounters". He talked about the time when he was sitting on the beach watching the skies for aliens and an old couple walked by and asked if he was watching for aliens, and then went on to make fun of him. Then talked about the time he was at a movie with his friend, and a human girl talked to him. Finally, he talked about when he was on a trip with his girlfriend, and she went to the beach alone and it took her hours longer than expected to return. All of these instances seemed a little too strange to just be pure coincidence, and he came to the conclusion that all 3 of these times he came into contact with aliens. Reaction/What I learned from the talk: My reaction to the talk was that John Hogdkins could have talked more about the prospects for other life in the universe, and less about his odd interactions with people here on earth. For the first minute and a half, I thought the talk would have some scientific substance to it, and provide some insight into some of the bigger questions in life. It was funny to hear him talk about his interactions, but I thought he could have used more actual science. I learned that there is a good chance of there being other intelligent life in the universe, and of us making contact with it someday. Also, Hodgkins suggests that if we have already made contact with other life, or life that originated away from earth, people have done an excellent job of covering it up.